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Therapeutic Role of Hammam Bukhari (Traditional Steam Bath) in the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case Report

Author(s): Saima Sharfuddin, Ehsan Ahmad, S.M. Abbas Zaidi, Madiha Akhtar, Madiha Ali, Akansha Mishra.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive autoimmune disorder marked by persistent synovial inflammation, pain, stiffness, and functional impairment. Conventional pharmacological therapies provide symptomatic control but are often associated with adverse effects and incomplete disease control. Unani medicine describes RA under Waja? al Maf??il and advocates a holistic approach, including regimenal therapies. Case presentation: A 48 year old female with an eight year history of RA presented with severe polyarticular pain, prolonged morning stiffness, swelling of small and large joints, and reduced quality of life despite intermittent use of methotrexate and NSAIDs. Clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and radiological findings confirmed active disease. The patient was managed with Hammam Bukhari (traditional steam bath) as a Unani regimenal therapy for 15 consecutive days. Intervention and outcome: Following therapy, there was marked improvement in pain intensity, joint stiffness, swelling, and functional ability. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores reduced from 8/10 to 2/10, and the WOMAC score improved from 64 to 22. Morning stiffness decreased substantially, and the patient reported sustained symptomatic relief at two month follow up. Conclusion: This case suggests that Hammam Bukhari may serve as a safe and beneficial complementary modality in the integrative management of rheumatoid arthritis. Larger and well designed clinical studies are warranted to substantiate these findings.

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Acceptance Rate: 74.36%

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