The prevalence of thrips infestation in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) is a significant determinant that greatly hinders the overall quality and yield of the fruit. In the present study, we aimed an inclusive approach of the sequential application of synthesised Rhizopus elicitor-mediated silver (Ag) and silver thiosulfate (Ag?S?O?) nanoparticles (AgNPs, ST NPs) in order to combat thrips infestation in chilli plants. In a controlled greenhouse environment, a foliar spray treatment was conducted using different concentrations of bio-nanosilver particles, specifically AgNPs and STNPs (at concentrations of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mgL-1). The application of NPs through foliar spray at varying concentrations ranging from 20 to 100mgL-1 exhibited a significant reduction in thrips population, surpassing the control treatment and also exemplified with no discernible signs of phytotoxic effects. The findings indicated that the Ag and ST NPs produced by biological means had a positive impact on the growth of seedlings and resulted in a considerable increase in crop yield compared to the control. This effect was attributed to the NPs ability to provide a protective barrier against thrips. The study indicates that NPs produced through biological processes are well-suited for commercially significant chilli plants. Additionally, they provide a new avenue for biopesticides to prevent thrips infestation, leading to sustainable agricultural practices.